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CARDIAC CARE NURSING MCQ
What is the primary function of the heart?
a) Pumping blood
b) Digesting food
c) Filtering waste
d) Regulating temperature
Answer: a) Pumping blood
Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?
a) Right atrium
b) Right ventricle
c) Left atrium
d) Left ventricle
Answer: d) Left ventricle
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Q & A FOR NURSES FOR SINGAPORE NURSE EXAM
Which valve separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
a) Tricuspid valve
b) Mitral valve (bicuspid valve)
c) Pulmonary valve
d) Aortic valve
Answer: b) Mitral valve (bicuspid valve)
What is the normal resting heart rate for adults?
a) 60-80 beats per minute
b) 100-120 beats per minute
c) 40-60 beats per minute
d) 120-140 beats per minute
Answer: a) 60-80 beats per minute
Which term refers to the inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle, often causing chest pain?
a) Myocardial infarction
b) Angina pectoris
c) Arrhythmia
d) Heart failure
Answer: b) Angina pectoris
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
a) Pulmonary artery
b) Pulmonary vein
c) Aorta
d) Superior vena cava
Answer: b) Pulmonary vein
What is the term for an irregular heartbeat?
a) Tachycardia
b) Bradycardia
c) Arrhythmia
d) Fibrillation
Answer: c) Arrhythmia
Which of the following is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
a) Regular exercise
b) Low blood pressure
c) High cholesterol levels
d) Healthy diet
Answer: c) High cholesterol levels
What does the acronym CPR stand for in the context of cardiac care?
a) Cardiac Pulmonary Resuscitation
b) Cardiopulmonary Respiration
c) Cardiovascular Pressure Reduction
d) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Answer: d) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Which medication is commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure by reducing blood volume and lowering blood pressure?
a) Aspirin
b) Digoxin
c) Diuretics
d) Nitroglycerin
Answer: c) Diuretics
Which part of the heart’s electrical system is known as the “natural pacemaker”?
a) Atrioventricular (AV) node
b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
c) Bundle of His
d) Purkinje fibers
Answer: b) Sinoatrial (SA) node
What does the acronym MI stand for in the context of cardiac care?
a) Myocardial Infraction
b) Mitral Insufficiency
c) Myocardial Ischemia
d) Mitral Inflammation
Answer: a) Myocardial Infarction
Which condition is characterized by a sudden cessation of heart function?
a) Atrial fibrillation
b) Cardiomyopathy
c) Cardiac arrest
d) Pericarditis
Answer: c) Cardiac arrest
Which test is commonly used to measure the electrical activity of the heart and diagnose arrhythmias?
a) Echocardiogram
b) Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
c) Cardiac catheterization
d) Holter monitor
Answer: b) Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient experiencing chest pain or discomfort?
a) Administer oxygen
b) Administer pain medication
c) Perform CPR
d) Apply cold compresses
Answer: a) Administer oxygen
Which condition occurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs, causing a sudden blockage of blood flow?
a) Pulmonary embolism
b) Congestive heart failure
c) Aortic dissection
d) Myocarditis
Answer: a) Pulmonary embolism
Which heart sound is considered normal and occurs during ventricular relaxation?
a) S1 (first heart sound)
b) S2 (second heart sound)
c) S3 (third heart sound)
d) S4 (fourth heart sound)
Answer: b) S2 (second heart sound)
Which condition is characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) in the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
a) Atherosclerosis
b) Arteriosclerosis
c) Thrombosis
d) Embolism
Answer: a) Atherosclerosis
Which dietary component should be limited in patients with heart disease due to its potential to raise blood pressure?
a) Fiber
b) Sodium (salt)
c) Protein
d) Antioxidants
Answer: b) Sodium (salt)
What is the primary goal of anticoagulant medications in cardiac care?
a) Lowering blood pressure
b) Reducing cholesterol levels
c) Preventing blood clots
d) Increasing heart rate
Answer: c) Preventing blood clots
Which of the following is a common symptom of heart failure?
a) Hypertension
b) Tachycardia
c) Peripheral edema
d) Bradypnea
Answer: c) Peripheral edema
Which cardiac medication helps dilate blood vessels and reduce the workload on the heart?
a) Beta-blockers
b) ACE inhibitors
c) Calcium channel blockers
d) Vasodilators
Answer: d) Vasodilators
Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart?
a) Myocardial infarction
b) Pericarditis
c) Endocarditis
d) Aortic dissection
Answer: b) Pericarditis
What is the primary purpose of cardiac rehabilitation programs?
a) To provide heart transplants
b) To monitor blood pressure
c) To prevent heart disease
d) To improve the recovery and overall health of patients with heart conditions
Answer: d) To improve the recovery and overall health of patients with heart conditions
Which medication is often prescribed to patients with atrial fibrillation to prevent blood clots and stroke?
a) Aspirin
b) Heparin
c) Warfarin (Coumadin)
d) Nitroglycerin
Answer: c) Warfarin (Coumadin)
What is the recommended position for a patient with acute pulmonary edema to ease breathing?
a) Supine (flat on the back)
b) Prone (flat on the stomach)
c) Fowler’s position (sitting upright)
d) Trendelenburg position (head down)
Answer: c) Fowler’s position (sitting upright)
Which cardiac condition is often referred to as “congestive heart failure”?
a) Atrial fibrillation
b) Ventricular tachycardia
c) Left ventricular hypertrophy
d) Heart failure with fluid buildup
Answer: d) Heart failure with fluid buildup
Which of the following is a common symptom of a heart attack?
a) Increased appetite
b) Nausea and vomiting
c) Euphoria
d) Dry mouth
Answer: b) Nausea and vomiting
What is the term for the process of widening narrowed coronary arteries through the use of a balloon-like device?
a) Coronary angioplasty
b) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
c) Cardiac catheterization
d) Coronary stent placement
Answer: a) Coronary angioplasty
Which lifestyle modification is recommended to reduce the risk of heart disease?
a) Smoking cessation
b) Increased salt intake
c) Sedentary lifestyle
d) High alcohol consumption
Answer: a) Smoking cessation
Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs, often resulting from heart failure?
a) Pneumonia
b) Pleurisy
c) Pulmonary edema
d) Asthma
Answer: c) Pulmonary edema
Which type of shock is associated with inadequate cardiac output and tissue perfusion?
a) Hypovolemic shock
b) Septic shock
c) Anaphylactic shock
d) Neurogenic shock
Answer: a) Hypovolemic shock
What is the term for the surgical procedure that involves removing a segment of a blood vessel from one part of the body and using it to bypass a blocked coronary artery?
a) Coronary angioplasty
b) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
c) Cardiac catheterization
d) Atherectomy
Answer: b) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Which of the following is a symptom of stable angina?
a) Sudden, severe chest pain
b) Chest pain relieved by rest or medication
c) Irregular heartbeat
d) Shortness of breath
Answer: b) Chest pain relieved by rest or medication
Which medication is often administered to patients with chest pain to dilate coronary arteries and increase blood flow to the heart?
a) Aspirin
b) Nitroglycerin
c) Warfarin
d) Heparin
Answer: b) Nitroglycerin
Which type of heart surgery involves the repair or replacement of a damaged or malfunctioning heart valve?
a) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
b) Heart transplant
c) Valvuloplasty
d) Ablation
Answer: c) Valvuloplasty
What is the term for a blood clot that forms within a deep vein, typically in the legs?
a) Thrombophlebitis
b) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
c) Varicose veins
d) Aneurysm
Answer: b) Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Which type of heart rhythm is characterized by rapid, irregular electrical impulses in the atria?
a) Sinus bradycardia
b) Ventricular fibrillation
c) Atrial fibrillation
d) Atrioventricular block
Answer: c) Atrial fibrillation
What is the term for the sound heard when turbulent blood flow occurs within a blood vessel?
a) Murmur
b) Bruit
c) Thrill
d) Gallop
Answer: b) Bruit
Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom of heart failure?
a) Fatigue
b) Increased urine output
c) Shortness of breath
d) Swelling in the legs and ankles
Answer: b) Increased urine output
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart?
a) Pulmonary vein
b) Pulmonary artery
c) Aorta
d) Superior vena cava
Answer: d) Superior vena cava
What is the term for the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, which can compress the heart and impair its function?
a) Pleurisy
b) Pericardial effusion
c) Aortic dissection
d) Cardiomyopathy
Answer: b) Pericardial effusion
Which cardiac medication is commonly used to treat angina by dilating coronary arteries?
a) Beta-blockers
b) ACE inhibitors
c) Calcium channel blockers
d) Nitrates
Answer: d) Nitrates
Which condition is characterized by an enlargement of the heart muscle, leading to decreased cardiac output and potential heart failure?
a) Coronary artery disease
b) Myocarditis
c) Cardiomyopathy
d) Atrial fibrillation
Answer: c) Cardiomyopathy
Which type of shock is typically caused by a severe allergic reaction?
a) Hypovolemic shock
b) Septic shock
c) Anaphylactic shock
d) Cardiogenic shock
Answer: c) Anaphylactic shock
What is the term for the surgical procedure used to open a blocked coronary artery by removing plaque and fatty deposits?
a) Coronary angioplasty
b) Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
c) Cardiac catheterization
d) Atherectomy
Answer: d) Atherectomy
Which cardiac medication is often prescribed to reduce the heart’s workload by slowing the heart rate and lowering blood pressure?
a) Vasodilators
b) Diuretics
c) Beta-blockers
d) ACE inhibitors
Answer: c) Beta-blockers
Which condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid around the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing?
a) Pleurisy
b) Pericarditis
c) Pleural effusion
d) Pneumonia
Answer: c) Pleural effusion
Which type of shock occurs when there is a sudden loss of blood or fluid from the body?
a) Hypovolemic shock
b) Septic shock
c) Anaphylactic shock
d) Cardiogenic shock
Answer: a) Hypovolemic shock
Which medication is commonly used to prevent blood clots in patients with certain cardiac conditions, such as atrial fibrillation?
a) Heparin
b) Aspirin
c) Warfarin (Coumadin)
d) Nitroglycerin
Answer: c) Warfarin (Coumadin)
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