Information about 11th Standard School Subject content with Free PDF (Physics, Chemistry and Biology) for Preparation of NEET Examination, IIT-Jee Examinations and other entrance examinations in India. Study materials contain NCERT, CBSE, ICSE.
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – THE ROOT In majority of the dicotyledonous plants, the direct elongation of the radical leads to the formation of primary root which grows inside the soil. It bears lateral roots of several orders that are referred to as secondary, tertiary, etc. roots. The primary roots and its branches constitute the …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – THE LEAF The leaf is a lateral, generally flattened structure borne on the stem. It develops at the node and bears a bud in its axil. The axillary bud later develops into a branch. Leaves originate from shoot apical meristems and are arranged in an acropetal order. They are the …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – THE INFLORESCENCE AND THE FLOWER THE INFLORESCENCE A flower is a modified shoot wherein the shoot apical meristem changes to floral meristem. Internodes do not elongate and the axis gets condensed. The apex produces different kinds of floral appendages laterally at successive nodes instead of leaves. When a shoot tip …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – THE FRUIT , THE SEED, SEMI-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF A TYPICAL FLOWERING PLANT THE FRUIT The fruit is a characteristic feature of the flowering plants. It is a mature or ripened ovary, developed after fertilisation. If a fruit is formed without fertilisation of the ovary, it is called a parthenocarpic fruit. …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS The description of the diverse forms of life on earth was made only by observation – through naked eyes or later through magnifying lenses and microscopes. This description is mainly of gross structural features, both external and internal. In addition, observable and perceivable living …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS In unicellular organisms, all functions like digestion, respiration and reproduction are performed by a single cell. In the complex body of multicellular animals the same basic functions are carried out by different groups of cells in a well organised manner. The body of a simple organism …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – SECONDARY GROWTH The growth of the roots and stems in length with the help of apical meristem is called the primary growth. Apart from primary growth most dicotyledonous plants exhibit an increase in girth. This increase is called the secondary growth. The tissues involved in secondary growth are the two …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – ANIMAL KINGDOM – CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMALS The broad classification of Animalia based on common fundamental. The important characteristic features of the different phyla are described. Phylum – Porifera Members of this phylum are commonly known as sponges. They are generally marine and mostly asymmetrical animals. These are primitive multicellular animals …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – PLANT KINGDOM – BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION Inspite of differences in structure and form of different animals, there are fundamental features common to various individuals in relation to the arrangement of cells, body symmetry, nature of coelom, patterns of digestive, circulatory or reproductive systems. These features are used as the basis …
NCERT 11TH STANDARD BIOLOGY – MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS The wide range in the structure of higher plants will never fail to fascinate us. Even though the angiosperms show such a large diversity in external structure or morphology, they are all characterised by presence of roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. For any successful attempt …